Table 14: Dip of the sea short of the horizon
| Height of eye: | ||
| Distance to waterline: | ||
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| hf | = | height of eye above sea level (feet) | |
| ds | = | distance to the waterline of the obstruction (nm) | |
| ro | = | mean radius of earth (3440.1 nm) | |
| βo | = | refraction factor (0.8321) | |
| D | = | dip short of the sea horizon (minutes of arc) |